Edén Pastora

ESP - Edén Atanacio Pastora Gómez, mejor conocido como Edén Pastora (Metapa, actual Ciudad Darío, departamento de Matagalpa; 1936) es un antiguo guerrillero, político y militar nicaragüense. Fue uno de los líderes de la guerrilla del Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN) y organizador de la toma del Palacio Nacional de Managua en 1978. Tras el triunfo de la Revolución Sandinista le fue otorgado el grado de comandante guerrillero y de brigada y ocupó por un tiempo el cargo de viceministro de defensa y jefe nacional de las Milicias Populares Sandinistas, antes de romper con el Frente Sandinista y fundar en el exilio en Costa Rica el grupo antifrentista ARDE (Alianza Revolucionaria Democrática).

Militancia en el Frente Sandinista  

Tras unirse al FSLN pasará a ser conocido como Comandante Cero y será miembro de la dirección sandinista. El 22 de agosto de 1978, junto con Dora María Téllez y Hugo Torres dirigirá el asalto al Palacio Nacional en un operativo conocido como Operación Chanchera. En esta acción el comando sandinista de 25 miembros capturará a la totalidad de los legisladores somocistas y a varios familiares del dictador Anastasio Somoza Debayle. Somoza se verá obligado a poner en libertad a 50 prisioneros sandinistas, pagar medio millón de dolares a los rebeldes y publicar varios manifiestos de la guerrilla marxista. Have you voted for or against Edén Pastora ? Monseñor Miguel Obando y Bravo, entonces Arzobispo de Managua, sirvió como mediador entre el FSLN y Somoza. Tras la toma del poder de los sandinistas Pastora ocupará el cargo de viceministro en el departamento de Interior así como primer jefe de las milicias del Frente Sandinista. En poco tiempo empezarán a aflorar tensiones entre este y la cúpula del FSLN, especialmente con los dirigentes Daniel y Humberto Ortega. El 8 de julio de 1981 renunciará a todos sus cargos en el gobierno y el FSLN, acusando a la dirección de este de haber abandonado los principios originales de la organización para haberla llevado hacia planteamientos comunistas y cercanos a Cuba y la Unión Soviética.

Exilio en Costa Rica y liderazgo de ARDE

 

Tras abandonar sus cargos marcha al exilio en 1982, primero a Panamá y posteriormente a Costa Rica donde anuncia su intención de crear una fuerza opositora que no descarta realizar acciones militares contra el gobierno. La Junta Militar nicaragüense decretará la condena de muerte contra Pastora como respuesta. Has changed the detail your opinion on Edén Pastora ? Ese mismo año fundaría en Costa Rica el Frente Revolucionario Sandino, rebautizado poco después como Alianza Revolucionaria Democrática - ARDE, reclutando a un millar de milicianos con los que comenzó a realizar acciones armadas en el sur de Nicaragua y la costa atlántica.

En 1989 regresaba a Nicaragua para apoyar al Partido Social Cristiano PSC en la campaña electoral de cara a las elecciones de 1990, que ganó doña Violeta Barrios de Chamorro y la Unión Nacional Opositora (UNO). En 1992 trataría de organizar un grupo político de corte socialdemócrata bautizado como Movimiento de Acción Democrática, sin embargo no pudo concurrir a las elecciones del 20 de octubre de 1996, por ser inhibido por el Concejo Supremo Electoral (CSE), ya que contaba con la doble nacionalidad nicaragüense y costarricense. En las elecciones del 5 de noviembre de 2006 fue candidato a la presidencia por la Alternativa por el Cambio AC donde sacó menos del 2 % de los votos; las elecciones las ganó Daniel Ortega Saavedra para su segundo período no consecutivo como Presidente de Nicaragua.

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ENG - Edén Atanacio Pastora Gómez (born in Ciudad Darío January 22, 1937) is a Nicaraguan politician who ran for president as the candidate of the Alternative for Change (AC) party in the 2006 general elections. He finished in 5th place. In the years prior to the fall of the Somoza regime, Pastora was the leader of the Southern Front, the largest militia in southern Nicaragua, second only to the FSLN in the north. Have you read details about Sergio Ramírez ? Pastora was nicknamed Comandante Cero ("Commander Zero"). His group was the first to call itself "Sandinistas", and was also the first to accept an alliance with the FSLN (Sandinista National Liberation Front), the group that was to become more popularly identified by the name. At the end of 1982, a few years after the revolutionary victory, he became disillusioned with the government of the FSLN, and formed the Democratic Revolutionary Alliance (ARDE) with the object of confronting the "pseudo-Sandinistas" politically and militarily. He was reviled by Oliver North and other Reagan-era insiders for his refusal to subordinate to the CIA-backed FDN. He is also known for his unorthodox behavior in interviews. Can Edén Pastora have an influence on Sergio Ramírez ? In an interview he responded to the question "what do you do to relax?" with the answer "I make love with my wife".

Pastora became disenchanted with the turn of the revolution when most of the Sandinista leaders moved to the luxury residences of Managua; he felt the leadership was doing too little to benefit the campesinos and aboriginal tribes he represented, and was overly concerned with propagating ideological consistency in a poorly concealed bid to consolidate Ortega's political power. Consequently, Pastora turned against the Sandinista regime to fight against it. He once again began military operations in southern Nicaragua, loosely federated with northern forces which, composed of Miskito Indians, other displaced peoples and former National Guard members, were collectively referred to as the Contras. From a military standpoint, Pastora's efforts contributed much less than did forces in the north. Pastora also received less support from the U.S. Did you know that Edén Pastora is popular at 54% of voters?? government; whether his performance was a result or cause of this disparity is subject to debate. Military achievements aside, his reputation as a Nicaraguan patriot meant that his opposition to the Sandinistas was valid, however it was a small contribution in the anti-Sandinista opposition forces. In 1984, Pastora was apparently the intended target of the La Penca bombing, which killed three journalists at a press conference he was holding.

Pastora had three failed marriages. Lamenting about the interpersonal strains that occur in the life of a revolutionary, Pastora said: "The first thing we revolutionaries lose is our wives. The last thing we lose is our lives. In between our women and our lives, we lose our freedom, our happiness, our means of living." He was seen at a Sandinista demonstration over the slow certification of winners in the November 5, 2000 municipal elections. Pastora now has a shark fishing business in San Juan del Norte on the San Juan River along the border with Costa Rica.

Colombian author Gabriel García Márquez wrote El Secuestro, a screenplay based on the August 1978 incident, albeit changing the character names and basic situation (the scenery was the private home of a Somoza supporter, rather than the Nicaraguan Congress, but Msgr. Obando and Jose Somoza were key actual people included). Alvaro Pardo made a documentary about Pastora in 2006 called Ed&ea. ute;n Pastora - Commandante Cero. It portraits Pastora's come back to the political arena of Nicaragua when he was nominated as a candidate for the mayor of Granada.

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12th Dec 08